The Affordable Health Care Act - 1343 Words

The Affordable Health Care Act in Advanced Practice Kristin Curcione Daemen College The Affordable Health Care Act (ACA) has been a hot topic of discussion since it was signed into law by the President in March 2010. According to the U.S. Department of Health Human Services, the primary upshot of this act was to provide health benefits and access to health insurance to millions of uninsured under the new law. A study conducted by the Commonwealth Fund was released in 2013 identifying 60 percent of the population aged 19-29 did not seek medical care because of cost. Since its acceptance by the Supreme Court to uphold the new law, millions of the formerly uninsured residents can now purse necessary medical treatment when desired. Although there have been numerous controversies as to whether or not the ACA provides greater benefit or harm, the bottom line is as more have coverage, there will be an increased number of consumers for advanced practice nurses and physicians. Even greater of an impact is the way in which reimbursement has been identified. Under this new la w, hospitals and physicians are penalized for readmissions in 30 days for the same diagnosis as manifested by the Centers for Medicare Medicaid Services (CMS) guidelines. As a result, advance practice nurses are being pushed to provide better outcomes. Quality of care over quantity has become the new healthcare trend. Clinicians are being asked to spend more time assessing patient’s needs andShow MoreRelatedThe Affordable Health Care Act1024 Words   |  5 Pagesafter Congress passed the Affordable Care Act and was then signed into law by President Barack Obama. The law was passed that the number of Americans covered by health insurance would increase. In return, the cost of health care will decrease. What is the Affordable Health Care Act? According to the Health Insurance Organization(2015, pg.1) The Affordable Health Care Act, also known as, The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) –is the landmark health reform legislation that includesRead MoreThe Affordable Health Care Act972 Words   |  4 PagesThe Affordable Healthcare Act also known as ACA, is very important for us as consumers. But what does it mean exactly? Well the Affordable Health Care Act allows us to have insurance coverage. There are several different ways that we can achieve coverage either as an individual or through our employer. There are many different health care insurance is you can trees from and they all have different things they cover in different cost or premiums. There are several different things that can take intoRead MoreThe Affordable Health Care Act1359 Words   |  6 PagesThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) is a United States federal statute that was signed into law by President Barac k Obama on March 23, 2010. This particular law has come with much controversy. The law (along with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010) is the principal health care reform legislation of the 111th United States Congress. PPACA reforms certain aspects of the private health insurance industry and public health insurance programs, increases insuranceRead MoreHealth Care And Affordable Care Act1714 Words   |  7 Pages2010, Congress enacted the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in order to increase the number of Americans covered by health insurance and decrease the cost of health care† (Supreme Court Opinion, 1). In America, it is a basic necessity to possess health care, logically, Congress would like to make such a necessity more accessible to Americans. Due to a divided government, there are variant views on whether this is necessary and just. Health care benefits all Americans; it is just a matter ofRead MoreThe Affordable Health Care Act140 3 Words   |  6 PagesThe Affordable Care Act has been a point of contention for many people. I am going to review the Affordable Care Act as far health care provider challenges and benefits. I will look at this from an individual point of view. I will look at this from an employer point of view. I will look at this from an employee point of view. Lastly, I will give my reflection regarding this topic. The most apparent benefit of the Affordable Health Care act is that it makes health insurance obtainable to the uninsuredRead MoreThe Affordable Health Care Act1811 Words   |  8 PagesThe Affordable Health Care Act was designed to help Americans gain increased access to healthcare, improve the quality of healthcare, and decrease the overall cost of receiving health care. â€Å"The changing epidemiology of the nation and its impact on the cost of healthcare became one of the major drivers of healthcare reform in the United States,† (Mason et al., 2016, p. 275). Accountable care models were also introduced to improve the quality of healthcare and improve the costs of healthcare. In theRead MoreThe Affordable Health Care Act1600 Words   |  7 PagesHealth care has been a prominent issue within the United States. The United States has made strides to make health care more affordable and accessible to all citizens. However, those strides are not enough to truly make health car e obtainable for everyone. The Affordable Health Care Act was made to help make health care affordable for everyone so that everyone can receive the care they need. The Affordable Health Care Act (ACA) does not do its job in making health care affordable. It is essentialRead MoreAffordable Health Care Act1262 Words   |  6 PagesAffordable Care Act and the Rural American The United States in the past month has gone through a rollercoaster ride of events, from government shutdown to fiscal cliff deadline. All of these fall short to the main focus of this paper. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) will affect every person in the United States however; I will focus on the benefits of the ACA on the rural American. The ACA was passed in 2010. On October 1st, 2013 the Patient Protection and Affordable CareRead MoreThe Affordable Health Care Act972 Words   |  4 Pagesincluding all of its expansion on the health care system, but some have been reluctant to implement the program. One of those reluctant states has been Florida, which is apparent by multiple court cases that has come since its inception (1). With Florida’s House of Representative consisting of a majority of Republicans, the conservatives of the state have fought the incorporation of the bill (2). With legislative bodies in opposition of the terms of the Affordabl e Care Act, it begs to question how policyRead MoreThe Health Of The Affordable Care Act1637 Words   |  7 Pagesas well as managers of health care costs. How can an advocate be involved in a process that limits care to some, while providing more complete care to others? As the elderly population grows, the idea of rationing care has become an ethical discussion. Reasons for rationing resources and care might be to preserve dwindling resources or to prevent waste. However, there is a question about who decides what is wasteful or non-beneficial to patient care. The Affordable Care Act is allowing individuals

Literal Intelligence Collection Free Essays

Literal Intelligence Collection: National Intelligence and the NSA wireless intercept program Intelligence Collection: Sources and Challenges February 13, 2012 In the aftermath of 9/11 the intelligence community (IC) felt pressure from all directions. Employees of the IC, Congress, and the general public wanted questions answered as to why our nation didn’t know an attack was imminent. This â€Å"failure† of intelligence caused a shake up within the entire IC, leading to many future changes. We will write a custom essay sample on Literal Intelligence Collection or any similar topic only for you Order Now One such change was in communications intelligence (COMINT) collection. According to Cummings (2006), â€Å"President George W. Bush said that he authorized NSA to intercept the international communications of people with known links to al Qaeda and related terrorist organizations in the weeks following the September 11th terrorist attacks† (p. 6). The President’s decision had many repercussions. I will discuss the parameters of the decision, the management issues associated with it that lead to such controversy, and the impact it had on national intelligence and the NSA. What led to this drastic decision by the U. S. President? The United States was blind-sighted in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack which resulted in the death of 2,977 innocent Americans. This was the largest attack in the history of the U. S. on our soil and although the signs were there for the intelligence community to see, it was mistakenly not put together. Much of the attack stemmed from communications between terrorist or those connected and working with terrorist within our Country, and this was unacceptable. In order to defend against such communications, according to Lichtblau amp; Risen (2005), â€Å"Under a presidential order signed in 2002, the intelligence agency has monitored the international telephone calls and international e-mail messages of hundreds, perhaps thousands, of people inside the United States without warrants over the past three years in an effort to track possible ‘dirty numbers’ linked to Al Qaeda, the officials said. The agency, they said, still seeks warrants to monitor entirely domestic communications†. The sole purpose of the NSA program was to safeguard our national security in a more expansive, efficient manner. The center on law and security (2007) states â€Å"†¦this requirement to demonstrate all of the substantive and procedural elements of FISA to the Attorney General’s satisfaction before any surveillance can begin, would fatally impair the President’s ability to carry out his constitutional responsibility to collect foreign intelligence to protect our Nation from attack† (p. 9). Any implementation involving citizen’s privacy is assured to draw controversy, and the root of the problem with this program was a management issue. The President, DCI, and the Director of the NSA should have informed the head of the Senate Select and Congressional oversight committees with a more in depth understanding of the changes and the secrecy. A plan should have been in place to deal with leaks to the public of the changes, and a more detailed description of the amendment to the policy should have been created and kept under lock and key. Intelligence collection involves many activities that citizens (lacking all of the facts), may deem unconstitutional. The problem with this is most of the time the facts are not available to the general population, media, and even certain members of the Congressional oversight committees, for fear of an operation leak. Much of what the IC does must remain secret, at least until the aftermath (which could be years later). In regards to the topic at hand, authorization of warrantless wireless intercept by the NSA, the main problem arose due to management failures in the implementation of such a controversial topic. The center on law and security (2007) states, â€Å"Critics of the NSA program do not necessarily object to the type of surveillance, but rather to the way in which it has been authorized, and to the absence of any oversight† (p. 10). The Congressional oversight committees serve as a checks and balance to the IC and the President informed the heads of the committees (Gang of Eight) of his plan to authorize wireless intercepts on Americans. Cummings (2006) states, â€Å"†¦the executive branch had limited its briefings of the legislative branch to the Gang of Eight. They further asserted that the executive branch had prohibited them from sharing any information about the program with congressional colleagues† (p. 7). In the aftermath, it seems the Gang of Eight did not understand the necessity of secrecy behind this information. The President should have explained the reasoning behind the secrecy and why the information was limited to the Gang of Eight. If the Gang of Eight understood the parameters and restrictions in place, they could better defend the plan when future problems arose. Preparations hould have been in place for dealing with the public if and when the time came that the media caught wind of the wireless intercept. At some point the President should expect that the public would have to be addressed with some details defending his actions. There should have been regulations in place, describing the limits the NSA still had to endure when it came to U. S. citizens. When reports came out in 2005, there was much confusion as to what exactly the President had authorized, and if there were limits in place for the NSA. A failure to properly address the issue allowed the media to run wild with stories, further outraging critics. Silence and secrecy only added to the problem of distrust of the IC. In preparation, President Bush should have had a detailed description of the amendment to the policy, with restrictions still in place for the NSA. This policy should have been dated at the time it went into effect, signed by the President, the DCI, the Director of NSA and the Gang of Eight and kept in the possession of the Director of the NSA. Having a signed document would serve the future purpose of showing there was knowledge of the parameters of the amended policy. If this policy had to become public (open source) at some point, it would hopefully show that Management had made an organized effort of implementing change and involved as many officials as possible under the current circumstances. The National Security Agency (NSA) has the task of protecting U. S. national security systems through the use of signal intelligence (SIGINT), to include COMINT. Prior to the President giving authorization to warrantless domestic eavesdropping following 9/11, the NSA had to obtain a court approved warrant in order to eavesdrop on a U. S. citizen’s communications, otherwise known as a FISA (Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act) warrant. According to the center on law and security (2007) â€Å"FISA warrants require ‘probable cause’ to suspect that an individual is acting either for a ‘foreign power’ (including terrorist organizations) or as an ‘agent of a foreign power,’ a target (a cell phone, a computer, a BlackBerry, or a landline phone, for example), and that foreign intelligence be a ‘significant purpose’ of the warrant† (p. ). NSA is no stranger to negative public perception regarding their unconstitutional practices. This wireless intercept program put the agency’s reputation at stake once again. Reports of the NSA having access to most American’s phone records detailing their calls and communications is cause for concern for critics. Due to a lack of proper implementation, notifications and opportunity for oversight, the NSA and the IC has to climb another uphill battle to win back the trust of Americans. Dilanian (2011) states, â€Å"U. S. intelligence officials insist that the new surveillance powers have been crucial to stopping terrorist plots†. Hopefully, some of the more recent successes in the community can erase the impact of failures and the intelligence community can improve their reputation once again. References Cummings, Alfred (2006). Statutory procedures under which Congress is to be informed of U. S. intelligence activities, including covert actions: NSA domestic surveillance. Congressional Research Service Dilanian, Ken (2011). 9/11, ten years after, more surveillance; A legacy of watchful eyes; The government eavesdrops on U. S. citizens as never before. Los Angeles Times Aug 30, 2011. Tuesday Home Edition. Lichtblau, E. amp; Risen, J. (2005). Bush lets U. S. spy on callers without courts. The New York Times, Dec 16, 2005. doi: 942423341 The Center on Law and Security at the NYU school of Law (2007). The NSA wiretapping program. For The Record, 1(Jan) 1-16. 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Business Management Available Business Resources

Question: Describe about the Business Management for Available Business Resources. Answer: Strategic Management A strategy is a plan of action to be followed with an aim of achieving certain set business goals and objectives with the available resources [1]. Some examples of goals or objectives may be to improve customer service, improve the production methods and equipment e.g. the machines and technology [2]. Business managers have to be able to choose the best course of strategy to implement in their organizations to ensure continuous success of the business. They therefore have to utilize their available inner strengths and opportunities to be able to compete with their competitors in the market. A good strategy must be able to achieve the following key roles [3]. Help the business be better than its competitors Help the business achieve its unique objectives and goals Help the business utilize the available resources efficiently and effectively Keep the business as a going concern and successful as much as possible 1Langfield-Smith, Kim. "Management control systems and strategy: a critical review."Accounting, organizations and society22, no. 2 (1997): 207-232. 2Kaplan, Robert S., and David P. Norton. "Transforming the balanced scorecard from performance measurement to strategic management: Part I."Accounting horizons15, no. 1 (2001): 87-104. 3Ramosà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Rodrguez, Antonioà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Rafael, and Jos Ruzà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Navarro. "Changes in the intellectual structure of strategic management research: A bibliometric study of the Strategic Management Journal, 19802000."Strategic Management Journal25, no. 10 (2004): 981-1004. The Unilever Company is a world-wide business organization that produces and sells so many different products like soaps and other beauty products. Therefore, Unilever Company can be able to beat other competing companies in the market by improving their methods of advertisement and selling e.g. the New Lifebuoy Soap. Unilever can use the three types of business competitive strategies (Focus, Product Differentiation and Cost leadership) to help it achieve its goals and objectives without any problems or strain [4]. They can focus on a certain group of consumers, make the soap unique and different from its competitors products and also reduce the cost of the soap to be able to attract customers. By doing this they will be able to increase their sales, be better than their competitors, utilize the resources available to the maximum to produce and sell their products and will also be able to stay in business as long as possible i.e. will be a going concern for a very long time. Business Model Innovation Business innovation is the act of coming with new products, ideas, methods, technology among other things which nobody else had before. A Business Model involves four things i.e. the customer, business product, value created by the product to the customer and profit or revenue generation. However, Business Model Innovation is the adapting, refining or combining patterns of other existing business ideas or products to come up with completely different products or ideas. Simply, it involves imitation of existing businesses to produce different products [5]. There are 55 business model patterns that are responsible for all business model innovations e.g. flat rate, supermarkets, rent instead of buy, e-commerce to name just but a few. 4Teece, David J., Gary Pisano, and Amy Shuen. "Dynamic capabilities and strategic management."Strategic management journal(1997): 509-533. 5Chesbrough, Henry. "Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers."Long range planning43, no. 2 (2010): 354-363. In addition to that, there are four steps to follow in order to innovate a business model: Initiation, Ideation, integration and implementation. Furthermore, there are three rules that are put in place to ensure successful business model innovation: Only one business model can be implemented at a time, clear communication of the new business model and the need for change in the business, no long concentration on short term key performance indicators and ensure top management commitment and lastly no concentration on lack of invention of anything in a business [6]. For example the Unilever Company can improve its business model innovation by following the steps mentioned above. During its initiation stage, it has to analyze its current business model once again by concentrating on their consumers or customers, their products, the value of the product to the customer and how it generates its profits. During ideation, they can borrow ideas from the overall 55 business models with an aim of coming up with a better business model e.g. learning from other industries new selling, promoting or advertising methods. During integration Unilever has to check the business progress i.e. whether it is in in line with the companys objectives and goal and whether it is it is serving its general purpose to the society and the company. During implementation stage, the company should now put the new improved business model into action and check out its impact to the business but that is if it has a chance to positively affect it [7]. 6Chesbrough, Henry. "Business model innovation: it's not just about technology anymore."Strategy leadership35, no. 6 (2007): 12-17. 7Zott, Christoph, Raphael Amit, and Lorenzo Massa. "The business model: recent developments and future research."Journal of management37, no. 4 (2011): 1019-1042. If the business model does not positively impact or profit Unilever, then it should not implementation the new business model but if it does then it is important to implement it [8]. Cage Framework This is a framework that was developed by Pankaj Ghemawat that was based on research in international economics. However, CAGE is a short form of Cultural, Administrative/political, Geographic and Economic. This framework was meant to evaluate how different countries trade with each other despite their similarities or differences in many ways or factors like culture, economic, environment and political [9]. Generally, not only trade that is affected by these factors (similarities and differences between countries) but also other relationships and interactions are affected. For instance, looking at a merchandise business trade, if two countries have the same official language, share a boarder, have similar levels of per capita income then they are likely to trade at a higher rate than those without these kind of similarities. 8Zott, Christoph, and Raphael Amit. "Business model design: an activity system perspective."Long range planning43, no. 2 (2010): 216-226. 9Leamer, Edward E., and James Levinsohn. "International trade theory: the evidence."Handbook of international economics3 (1995): 1339-1394. When I consider Unilever Company, it is an international organization that sells its products in most of the countries in the world. This also means that many different countries with different cultures, geographical backgrounds, economic conditions, political status and other differences and similarities are involved with Unilever products trading. Therefore, for these countries to be able to trade well and have good relations, they have to relate themselves to this framework and find out their position [10]. They have to evaluate themselves using the CAGE Framework so that they can be able to understand each other better and improve their terms and conditions of trade. Therefore, this frame work is a very important tool that businesses can use to evaluate and analyze their international trade status in general. References Langfield-Smith, Kim. "Management control systems and strategy: a critical review."Accounting, organizations and society22, no. 2 (1997): 207-232. Kaplan, Robert S., and David P. Norton. "Transforming the balanced scorecard from performance measurement to strategic management: Part I."Accounting horizons15, no. 1 (2001): 87-104. Ramosà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Rodrguez, Antonioà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Rafael, and Jos Ruzà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Navarro. "Changes in the intellectual structure of strategic management research: A bibliometric study of the Strategic Management Journal, 19802000."Strategic Management Journal25, no. 10 (2004): 981-1004. Teece, David J., Gary Pisano, and Amy Shuen. "Dynamic capabilities and strategic management."Strategic management journal(1997): 509-533. Chesbrough, Henry. "Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers."Long range planning43, no. 2 (2010): 354-363. Chesbrough, Henry. "Business model innovation: it's not just about technology anymore."Strategy leadership35, no. 6 (2007): 12-17. Zott, Christoph, Raphael Amit, and Lorenzo Massa. "The business model: recent developments and future research."Journal of management37, no. 4 (2011): 1019-1042. Zott, Christoph, and Raphael Amit. "Business model design: an activity system perspective."Long range planning43, no. 2 (2010): 216-226. Leamer, Edward E., and James Levinsohn. "International trade theory: the evidence."Handbook of international economics3 (1995): 1339-1394. Krugman, Paul R. "Increasing returns, monopolistic competition, and international trade."Journal of international Economics9, no. 4 (1979): 469-479.